Friendship Is The True Meaning Of It - 894 Words

Friendship, something that we all have but something that we may not really understand the true meaning of it. During the reading Thoreau goes into detail of how friends are really not what we think them to be. We often don’t actually have friends but rather just acquaintances or companions. He goes on to explain who are real friends are and why they are our friends and that no one else really is. Thoreau states, â€Å"What is commonly called friendship even is only a little more honor among rogues† (p. 144). This brings attention to that a friendship is slightly more than someone who is dishonest to you. Your friend will only tell the truth once in a while. They do what they believe to be best for you. When we have friends we are only saying â€Å"they are not our enemy† (p. 143). Our friend may not always be someone we get along with greatly but someone whom we do not dishonor. We are not at war with them or out to make their lives inferior. We respect who they are and what they do but only because we are friends with them and not enemies. A friend should be treated â€Å"no better than I (they) should be†(p. 143) says Thoreau. If a man deserves to be treated as one who is disrespectful or dishonest then that is how they shall be treated. Can we consider our neighbors friends? We treat them the way the deserve to be treated because they living next to us. Some neighbors get along and are friends only because they are next to each other. Other will not get along so wellShow MoreRelatedThe True Meaning Of Friendship1691 Words   |  7 PagesMesnyankin Friendship, a term vaguely defined, however, the true meaning lies within each individual through experiences. Friendship seems to be sort of a necessity in our existence as Aristotle compels that â€Å"A human being is by nature a social being† (Nicomachean Ethics (1097b12-13)). What Aristotle also noted is that there are three types or as he called them species of friendship which are complete friendships and incomplete friendships such as friendships of pleasure, friendships of utility.Read MoreWhat Is the Meaning of True Friendship?937 Words   |  4 PagesFriendship. What is the meaning of a true friendship? Who is that one true friend or friends? Whether it is a person’s pet, spouse, or sisters, friendship is that special bond between two or more individuals that share a mutual affection. While there is no limit on how, where, or even what the friendship is form or function, friends make everyone happy; most of the time. Sometimes it is hard to find that one per son who a person can form a friendship with, however Harry Potter, Hermione Granger, andRead MoreRelationship Between Friendship And Friendship985 Words   |  4 Pages We hear the word â€Å"friendship† being tossed around daily, between family, friends, social media, etc. People just say the word without thinking what it really refers to, but does everyone really understand what the word â€Å"friendship† means? People believe that the word â€Å"friendship† is just used to describe a friend or a bigger group of friends, but in reality it actually means a lot more. I believe that it is important to know what the word â€Å"friendship† really means. Not everyone is going to haveRead MoreThe Friendship By Albert Camus1231 Words   |  5 Pagesothers are just made of affection and belongingness with another people. Friendship is also one of those relationships. It does not matter it is a blood relation, but this bond is made of true feelings between them . Sometimes even precious friendships are broken for many reasons, few times there are misunderstandings about the meaning of friendship. Also, it is broken other times for some genuine reasons and breakup the friendship. The famous author Albert Camus quoted Don t walk behind me; I may notRead More Ciceros De Amicitia Essays1263 Words   |  6 Pagesunique perspective to the topic of friendship and how it relates to death. The word amicitia comes from the Latin root word amor which is translated to mean â€Å"love†. In this day and age the word friendship has taken on a slightly different meaning from the ancient meaning. Cicero’s De Amicitia seeks to define what friendship is, its characteristics and principles. He has challenged us to reconsider what constitutes a true friend. Upon observing a typical friendship it becomes clear to us that thisRead MoreAnalysis of Ciceros Laelius de Amicitia1267 Words   |  6 Pagesunique perspective to the topic of friendship and how it relates to death. The word amicitia comes from the Latin root word amor which is translated to mean love. In this day and age the word friendship has taken on a slightly different meaning from the ancient meaning. Cicero s De Amicitia seeks to define what friendship is, its characteristics and principles. He has challenged us to reconsider what constitutes a true friend. Upon observing a typical friendship it becomes clear to us that thisRead MoreEssay on Charlie Gordon in Flowers for Algernon by Daniel Keye625 Words   |  3 Pagesof his journey although his IQ is low he is a more complete person. He learns the true meaning of friendship and demonstrates intellectual growth as a person by overcoming obstacles and understanding various lessons. Friendship consists of expectations, perceptions and the importance of it. Gimpy, Frank and Joe (his so called friends) are the ideal people in the novel to observe in the perception of friendship. Before the surgery took place these men were his best friends. He loved workingRead MoreThe True Meaning of Life Essay716 Words   |  3 Pagesreaders about valuable lessons of friendship, demonstrates how to deal with difficult situations and understand the true meaning of life. It is a novel that should be read by everyone, including the incoming freshman class. Tuesdays with Morrie is a true story about a young man Mitch, and his college professor Morrie. One of the main topics portrayed through out the novel is friendship. Mitch befriends Morrie while he is attending college, and they developed a true camaraderie, both loving and supportiveRead MoreI Get By With A Little Help From My? Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pageslittle help from my†¦? In Curtis Silver’s essay titled â€Å"The Quagmire of Social Media Friendships,† He describes the realization of what a true friend is. With millions of people on social media, anyone can feel as though they have achieved rock star status. This is the ruse social networking sites like Facebook and twitter cause. Having thousands of â€Å"friends† on social media accounts has changed the true meaning on how people connect on a personal level. The question is, is it even possible for peopleRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1326 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough social media, such as Facebook. Facebook is used as a popularity contest, where we add people just too have more friends on the list than our neighbor. However, true friends are not usually acquired on Facebook. According to the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle believes that a real friendship is for its own sake and Facebook friendship concentrate much on amusement and utility. Most people that have a Facebook account have approximately more than 100 friends. Each of those people has a particular

Writing Help Online for Dummies

Writing Help Online for Dummies The Downside Risk of Writing Help Online Our essay writing help on-line service will definitely be the best option for you. It is extremely easy to use our writing help as we don't ask you for any information apart from requirements for the undertaking and contact details. The accessibility to the info is restricted. Thus, the best choice is to search for CV examples online. Essay Help is the here to provide you with knowledge about the stages to create a superb essay. Together with the UK Essay Help undergraduates can't be worried about the time but delight in a complete life. Same Day Essay provides high-quality essay helper online enabling you to cope with too little time and knowledge to cope with original and well-researched paper. Overwhelmed with different subjects to cover, you might find it hard to finish the assignment. 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Baxter Accounting Evidence Interpretation â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Baxter Accounting Evidence Interpretation? Answer: Introducation Moving machinery to new site incurs cost and the issue in this regard is whether this cost is deducted or not , this issue falls under section 8-1 of ITAA 1997. Another law section can also be used in this case which is British Insulated Helsby Cables. Moving machinery to a new site involves incorporation of cost thus depreciation process incurs cost. This cost is not allowed as acceptable deduction according to law section 8-1 of the Income tax assessment act 1997. The main reason of not accepting this deduction is , this cost is incurred while carrying out business operations and thus it is regarded as business expense. This is the case under law section 8-1 of ITAA 1997. Now the second law section which is applicable in this case is the British Insulated Helsby Cables. According to this law the cost that is imposed due to movement of machinery from one place to another is a transport cost but this cost is regarded as a cost that is bared for reaping benefit and this is done by d epreciating assets which is a business related activity. In agreement with Taxation rule of TD 93/126 , setting machinery for the purpose of business is the incidence of cost which is treated as revenue. Thus it can be concluded that no form of acceptable deductions will be legalized under law section 8-1 of ITTA 1997. Revaluation of capital that affects cover of insurance is considered as acceptable deduction under law section 8-1 of ITTA 1997, this issue evolved in this case. Situation here shows that spending have connection with the fixed asset, thus while determining the deduction it is essential to find whether expenses that is incurred while revaluating revenue production holds while shielding the asset. Now while shielding the assets provides benefit then it will be considered as acceptable deduction under section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. Conclusion that can drawn from here shows that cost that leads to insurance cover is considered as acceptable deductions because this cost will recur and hence allowed as acceptable deductions under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. Here the case shows whether the legal expenses that company bear for the petition for winding up will be considered as deductions under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. The taxation ruling of ID 2004/367 that is applicable in this case shows that officially approved cost will be considered for deductions if the cost is incurred while doing the business operations. Case of FC of T v Snowden and Wilson Pty Ltd(1958) is also applicable here which shows that costs that are not usually incurred will become compulsory that taxpayer should start taking legal actions because no condition can prevent the cost to be eligible as deductible expenditure. Conclusion here that can drawn is the cost that is incurred while opposing the petition of winding up will be not be considered as acceptable deductions under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. This shows that whether or not the legal expenditure that is incurred while enjoying services of legal representative with regard to the business operations of the clients will be allowed as acceptable deductions under section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. Application of Law shows when a legal expense is incurred while carrying out business operations is considered revenue and thus it will be treated as acceptable deductions. Though, exception is present, which shows that expenses incurred accepted as capital, domestic and private in character if the same is primarily incurred in producing the exempt and non-chargeable non-exempt proceeds. Thus legal expenditure incurred while carrying out business operations and that produce the taxable income should be treated as acceptable deductions in reference to section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. Issue here is the position of Big Bank which is considered for evaluating the input tax credit with respect to the advertising expenditure that is incurred under law section GSTR Act 1999. Thus laws that are applicable in this issue are GST Act 1999, Goods and Service taxation ruling of GSTR 2006/3 and Ronpibon Tin NL v. FC of T. Goods and Service tax law of GSTR 2006/3 provides methods that can be implemented to find the input tax credit in accordance with administration for change that is followed by financial suppliers under the new system of tax GST Act 1999. Recent situation of Big Bank shows that, it has incurred an expense which is included GST. Thus Big Bank Ltd follows law under the section GSTR 2006/3 because the company recognized appropriate for input tax credit. According to the law if an entity is registered or need to obtain registration, GST shall be billed for creation of taxable supplies. The outline under GST law shows that an entity or an individual is needed to claim input tax credit for the GST inclusive supplies that is acquired or import for the entity. Case of Ronpibon Tin NL v. FC of T is applied in analysing the law of GST[1]. This considers pressure in which the method of distribution adopted must sensible in such a situation of the particular enterprise. Requirements of paragraphs 11-5 and 15-5 (a) for an acquisition to meet the criteria as creditable, the acquisition must be for creditable purpose[2]. In case the acquisition is partly for creditable use then it is crucial to determine the degree of the creditable use. Now the subsection 15-25 shows that import shall be viewed as creditable if it is kept creditable use. Now section 11-15 or 15-10 an acquisition eligible to be creditable if an entity makes the supplies for the use of claiming input tax credit. It is worth mentioning that advertising expense incurred by Big Bank Ltd was for the use of creditable acquisition.Conclusion here thus shows that Big Bank Ltd will be entitled to claim input tax credit in regard to the GSTR 2006/13 for the amount that is incurred due to a dvertising expenses for the use of the creditable acquisition. References: "Legal Database".Ato.gov.au, 2017. Online. Internet. 8 Sep. 2017. . Available: https://www.ato.gov.au/law/view/document?docid=GST/GSTR20063/NAT/ATO/00001 Treasury, A. and Baxter, H., Accounting evidence.interpretation,89, p.95. [1] Treasury, A. and Baxter, H., Accounting evidence.interpretation,89, p.95. [2] "Legal Database".Ato.gov.au, 2017. Online. Internet. 8 Sep. 2017. . Available: https://www.ato.gov.au/law/view/document?docid=GST/GSTR20063/NAT/ATO/00001.

To Look Up Into The Mountains And See The Steam Rolling From A Mountai

To look up into the mountains and see the steam rolling from a mountain stream on a cold winters morning is a beautiful sight. However, to look out over the horizon and see the white spray of salt water coming from the blow of a huge hump-back whale is much more exciting sight and a whole lot warmer. I lived in the mountains of Colorado for most of my childhood. The first time I had the opportunity to see the ocean was on a vacation to California, when I was about 15 years old. It was even better than I had dreamed it would be. The different animals in the ocean, the color of the water, and the warm sand between my toes was probably what led me to come to the islands of Hawaii. When I first saw the hump-back whale I was amazed at their huge size and how they could breach out of the water so gracefully. It is as if they were trying to play or show off. So when we were asked to choose a favorite animal, I had no problem deciding on the hump- back whale. The hump-back whale gets it's name from the distinctive hump in front of the dorsal fin and from the way it raises it's back high above water before diving. They are a member of the order Cetacea. This order is of aquatic mammals and the hump-back belongs to the suborder of the Mysticeti. The Mysticeti are the baleen whales which have three families and several species. The family in which the hump-back belongs is the Balaenopteridae, the true fin backed whale. The thing that separates this genus from the other fin-backed whales is the pectoral fins, which grow in lengths of about 5 meters (16.4 feet). This Genus is called Megaptera meaning great wing (Tinker 290). There was a controversy over the species name in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In 1932, Remington Kellogg finally settled the matter with Megatera Novaeangliae (Cousteau 84). The common English name is the hump-back whale. The hump-back whale lives in both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. Since we live in the Pacific I'll be discussing the hump-backs of the North Pacific. They migrate from North to South. In the months of July through September they gather in the Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea or the Chukchi Sea. They head south for the winter. They go to one of three areas: (1) Between the Bonin Islands, the Marianas Islands, the Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan; (2) The Hawaiian Islands, and (3) Along the coast of Mexico (Tinker 291). One of the reasons these whales go North is for feeding. They have a short food chain compared to most mammals. Phytoplankton turns sunlight into energy and this energy is consumed by zooplankton. The zooplankton and phytoplankton are eaten by small fish. The whale in turn eats the fish. The chain is complete when waste products or dead whales decompose. They have a very short time frame in which they eat compared to the twelve months out of the year. They have not been seen feeding in Hawaii. It seems that they only feed during the summer months up north. During the fasting periods, in Hawaii, they survive on their blubber. They mix their diet with copepods, euphausiids (krill), and small fish, primarily herring and capelin. They are considered filter feeders, using baleen plates to filter out their food. They take huge amounts of water into their mouth using a gulping method and then when they push the water out, they put their tongue up so the water must pass through the baleens. The food becomes trapped and falls toward the rear of the mouth. The two gulping methods hump-back whales use are lunge feeding and bubble net feeding. Lunge feeding is used when food is abundant. The whale simply swims through the prey with it's mouth open engulfing the prey. They can do this vertically, laterally or inverted. This is done toward the surface of the ocean. Bubble net feeding is used when the prey is less abundant. The whale dives below the prey and discharges bubbles from it's blowhole. As the bubbles ascend they form a net that disorients the prey. Then the whale swims upward and fills his mouth with the net of fish and bubbles (Kaufman 55). Hump-backs have ventral grooves in their throat that expand allowing an enormous amount of water to be gulped. Hump-backs consume nearly a ton of food To Look Up Into The Mountains And See The Steam Rolling From A Mountai To look up into the mountains and see the steam rolling from a mountain stream on a cold winters morning is a beautiful sight. However, to look out over the horizon and see the white spray of salt water coming from the blow of a huge hump-back whale is much more exciting sight and a whole lot warmer. I lived in the mountains of Colorado for most of my childhood. The first time I had the opportunity to see the ocean was on a vacation to California, when I was about 15 years old. It was even better than I had dreamed it would be. The different animals in the ocean, the color of the water, and the warm sand between my toes was probably what led me to come to the islands of Hawaii. When I first saw the hump-back whale I was amazed at their huge size and how they could breach out of the water so gracefully. It is as if they were trying to play or show off. So when we were asked to choose a favorite animal, I had no problem deciding on the hump- back whale. The hump-back whale gets it's n ame from the distinctive hump in front of the dorsal fin and from the way it raises it's back high above water before diving. They are a member of the order Cetacea. This order is of aquatic mammals and the hump-back belongs to the suborder of the Mysticeti. The Mysticeti are the baleen whales which have three families and several species. The family in which the hump-back belongs is the Balaenopteridae, the true fin backed whale. The thing that separates this genus from the other fin-backed whales is the pectoral fins, which grow in lengths of about 5 meters (16.4 feet). This Genus is called Megaptera meaning great wing (Tinker 290). There was a controversy over the species name in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. In 1932, Remington Kellogg finally settled the matter with Megatera Novaeangliae (Cousteau 84). The common English name is the hump-back whale. The hump-back whale lives in both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. Since we live in the Pacific I'll be disc ussing the hump-backs of the North Pacific. They migrate from North to South. In the months of July through September they gather in the Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea or the Chukchi Sea. They head south for the winter. They go to one of three areas: (1) Between the Bonin Islands, the Marianas Islands, the Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan; (2) The Hawaiian Islands, and (3) Along the coast of Mexico (Tinker 291). One of the reasons these whales go North is for feeding. They have a short food chain compared to most mammals. Phytoplankton turns sunlight into energy and this energy is consumed by zooplankton. The zooplankton and phytoplankton are eaten by small fish. The whale in turn eats the fish. The chain is complete when waste products or dead whales decompose. They have a very short time frame in which they eat compared to the twelve months out of the year. They have not been seen feeding in Hawaii. It seems that they only feed during the summer months up north. During the fasting periods, in Hawaii, they survive on their blubber. They mix their diet with copepods, euphausiids (krill), and small fish, primarily herring and capelin. They are considered filter feeders, using baleen plates to filter out their food. They take huge amounts of water into their mouth using a gulping method and then when they push the water out, they put their tongue up so the water must pass through the baleens. The food becomes trapped and falls toward the rear of the mouth. The two gulping methods hump-back whales use are lunge feeding and bubble net feeding. Lunge feeding is used when food is abundant. The whale simply swims through the prey with it's mouth open engulfing the prey. They can do this vertically, laterally or inverted. This is done toward the surface of the ocean. Bubble net feeding is used when the prey is less abundant. The whale dives below the prey and discharges bubbles from it's blowhole. As the bubbles ascend

Final Writing Assignment Instructions Essay

Final Writing Assignment Instructions Essay Final Writing Assignment Instructions Essay Calling, Vocation and Career - Writing Assignment: Who Am I Now? Write your reflection paper using the following headings, include some discussion, findings and decisions. These seven areas must be included for credit: 1. God’s Calling for my Life (if you are not sure, then discuss what could be your calling at this time and what you plan to do to discover your calling 2. My Spiritual Gifts and my Strengths (strengths, gifts, talents, skills, abilities). How and where do you want to use these gifts and strengths? 3. The results of the Strong Interest Inventory. Answer these questions regarding the Strong: If you declared a major, did the results confirm my major and occupational choice? Did the results help in broadening your choices? If you have not selected a major or career, did you find one or two career choices you are considering? Did you choose a career and major? What are your reasons for not selecting a major yet? 4. Next Step: Research. Investigate the information about the careers or career you are considering or have selected. It is extremely important to learn as much as possible about the career or careers you are considering before you make a final decision. Study the industry, profession and labor market. Include the following in this section, from your research: a. Skills and abilities required b. Education required; licensing required c. Tasks Required and any physical demands d. Work Environment (will you work with a team or work alone) e. Salary Range (starting salary and highest depending on experience) f. National Job Outlook – Will there be a demand for the career you are considering when you graduate? If not, what options do you have? What are other related careers that you may consider, if they seem to be in demand? g. Are there any professional Associations you can contact for membership or newsletters about the profession to help keep

49 Facebook Marketing Tips to Drive Better Results Right Now

49 Facebook Marketing Tips to Drive Better Results Right Now Facebook is the most widely used social media platform today. With over 2 billion active users, your organization has a lot of people to impress. But, with declining organic reach, succeeding on the platform is more difficult than ever. Whats a busy marketer to do? Try starting with these 49 quick tips for doing more effective marketing on the platform. Whether you’re a Facebook newbie or your organization has been active on the platform for years, this post is packed with actionable tips that will: Help you optimize your profile. Create posts that stand out and drive tons of engagement. Learn how to gather and analyze data to prove your efforts are working. And a whole lot more. So, dig in, grab some free templates, and learn some new Facebook marketing tactics you can implement right now. Theres bound to be at least a few you havent tried before. Download Our Facebook Marketing Templates Bundle Get everything you need to make your Facebook marketing a success including: A social media content calendar to start planning and organizing your posts. A Facebook marketing strategy template to help guide your social team through want kinds of content to post. A Facebook video marketing strategy guide to help your team decide what kinds of videos you’ll produce for your Facebook channel. An infographic on the best times to post on social media to keep on hand for reference. A social media report template to present the performance of your Facebook marketing efforts (and social media marketing across the board). A social media ROI report template to keep track of how much Facebook is contributing to your bottom line. Did You Know Makes Facebook Marketing Easy? is the ultimate all-in-one marketing and social media calendar to plan and publish every post. (Along with organizing everything else in your marketing strategy, too). With , you can: Plan your entire social media and marketing strategy in one place. Schedule all of your social media promotion (including Facebook posts) alongside all your other content and projects. Measure the results of your Facebook marketing efforts with built-in features like Social Engagement Reports. Want to see how it works? Snag a free trial and use it to try some of your new Facebook marketing tips. Table of Contents: The Full List of 49 Tips Optimize Your Profile Photo Optimize Your Cover Photo Add a Call to Action to Your Cover Photo Complete Your Facebook Business Bio Information Use Facebook Tabs Share the Right Content Mix Up Unlinked Posts Like Other Pages as Your Business Stay on Top of Facebook Updates and Changes Plan Posts in Advance With Set Clear Goals Establish Voice and Tone Create a Facebook Group Experiment With Video Posts Share Videos Natively Try Facebook Live Use the Poll Feature Try Different Types of Image Posts Optimize Links Use Facebook Post Targeting Use the Social Message Optimizer Avoid Cross-Posting Create a Facebook Event Post at the Best Times Use Best Time Scheduling Know How Often to Post on Facebook Use Monitoring Tools Create Facebook Ads Investigate Other Pages' Ads Add Social Sharing Buttons to Your Site Add a Link to Your Facebook Page in Your Email Signature Pin an Awesome Post to Your Page Publish User Generated Content Invite People to Like Your Page From Your Ads Run a Facebook Contest Partner With Influencers Tag Other Companies in Posts Target Your Audience With Facebook Product Sales Ads Boost Posts the Right Way Use "Dark" Posts Use Carousel Ads Cross-Promote Ads on Instagram Use Facebook Ads Manager Pay Attention to Facebook Analytics Use Social Engagement Reports in Track Facebook Referral Traffic With UTMs Test Ad Design and Copy Be Mindful of Customer Service Give Away Great Content For Free49 Facebook Marketing Tips to Drive Better Results Right Now via @Tips For Setting Up Your Facebook Business Page The first step in any Facebook marketing strategy is getting your business page set up. You may already have a business page up and running, but these tips can still help make sure your profile is effectively optimized. 1. Optimize Your Profile Picture The best way to optimize your profile picture is to: Use your logo. Make sure it’s a high-resolution photo and is still clear when it’s shrunk down to small size. Ensure it’s 180px by 180 px. For example, take a look at Target. Their profile picture is clear, even when viewing in a mobile app: 2. Choose the Right Cover Photo To ensure that your cover photo has the maximum impact, the photo should: Be the correct size at 828 px by 315 px. Relate back to your profile picture. The two should fit together. Be under 60 seconds if your team is using a cover video. For example, Lululemon uses an engaging photos of their product in use to showcase new yoga pants, their staple product: You can use video from events and other behind the scenes moments to showcase company culture and more in your cover photo: Posted by Concordia College on Monday, October 9, 2017 3. Add a Call-To-Action On Your Cover Photo Your cover photo gives you lots of space to play with, and it’s a significant part of your Facebook profile. Why waste that enormous amount of space when you can add a compelling CTA and encourage your audience to take action instead? You have three different options for your cover photo CTA. It can point to: 1) The like button: this type of CTA should be used when you want to grow your audience. It tells them directly what to do and keeps it simple because all they have to do is click. An example of this is one of Short Stacks previous cover photos: Facebook has changed their cover photo rules. We're showing you how to leverage these changes. This week we're demonstrating asking people to Like you. Stay tuned for more in the weeks to come! Posted by ShortStack on Monday, April 8, 2013 2) The follow button: The follow button is a bit different from the like button in the fact that audience members who choose this action have more control over when your content shows up in their feed. They can choose to prioritize your content, so it shows up immediately in their newsfeed or even get notifications each time you post. Your cover photo could be as simple as this one: 3) Custom CTA button: Facebook also gives you the option to add a custom CTA button on your Facebook feed that your cover photo can help drive your audience to click. To use this button, go to your Business page, and in the upper right-hand corner underneath your cover photo you should see + Add a Button: A pop-up window will appear asking you choose the type of button you want to put on your page: Each option has a series of different CTA’s to choose from. Your team will need to decide what action you want your audience to take to determine the right button type: Once you select your CTA, Facebook will walk you through how to choose the steps that you want your audience you take after they click that button. For this example, we wanted people to visit the website: After that, the CTA button should appear on your page: So what does a cover photo that’s point to a CTA button look like? This is one of the cover photos we had up that encourage people to click the button to sign up for a trial of our product: Recommended Reading: How to Write a Call to Action in a Template With 6 Examples 4. Fill in Your Facebook Business Bio Completely The final step in creating your Facebook business page is to fill out your biography. Facebook has a more extensive bio section than other social networks. The first part of your bio should include: The founding date of your company. Your mission statement. Contact information including phone numbers and email addresses. Links to your website. The next part of your bio is going to give your customers more information about who and what your organization does. It should include: A short â€Å"about us† section. A company overview. General information. A list of products and services your company offers. The final part of your bio is called â€Å"Story.† This is a space that your organization can use to explain not only how your company got started but what makes your organization you. 5. Use Facebook Tabs To Organize Your Content Facebook tabs are a great way to organize different content types and allow your audience to find the information they are looking for. A couple of things that marketers should keep in mind when it comes to using Facebook tabs: 1) Their location has changed: Before Facebook tabs used to be located right underneath your cover photo, and styled like how you would see tabs in a filing cabinet. Now tabs are located vertically on the left-hand side of your profile: 2) You can add in pre-made tabs to your Facebook page: To access those tabs go to the settings on your business page: Select Edit Page: Scroll down to Tabs: If you select Use Default Tabs Facebook will automatically choose the tabs that they believe would be the best fit for your page. Otherwise, you can add other premade tabs by scrolling to the bottom of the tabs section and clicking Add a Tab: 3) Build Your Own Tabs: Facebook gives admin and page editors the option to build their own tabs using the Facebook Developer page. This process can get complicated quickly, especially if you’re lacking coding skills. Fortunately, Facebook has a full tutorial in case your development team needs help getting started. Recommended Reading: The HTML Cheat Sheet Every Content Marketer Needs 6. Share Your Best Content If your reach, shares, and engagement are low, it could mean that your audience just doesn't like the content you're sharing. Fortunately, there are ways to figure out what your audience does enjoy. Once you find a winning formula, you can continue giving people what they want, and see more success. Look at your analytics to see what has performed well in the past. Try a new type of content. Image galleries, videos, Facebook Live, and snippets from infographics are just a few ideas to get you thinking. Once you have a post that's doing well, consider re-sharing it again later. If you're a customer, you can do this with ReQueue, a built-in intelligent social media automation feature: 7. Mix Up Unlinked Posts Facebook wants to keep users on its platform as long as possible. As a result, sometimes posts without links can perform better than linked posts. The logic is simple: if people are engaging with content completely within Facebook, they'll stick around longer than if a link takes them aways somewhere else. Now, if your goal is to drive website traffic, then you'll want to primarily post links. But, if generating brand awareness is worthwhile on its own for your company, then mixing in posts without links might help improve reach. Check out this example from BMW. There's no link, but those engagement stats look great: Sophisticated strength in each line and curve. The BMW Concept M8 Gran Coupà ©. Posted by BMW on Thursday, July 26, 2018 8. Like Other Pages Just like you can "Like" pages as an individual, you can also "Like" other pages as your business. There are a few reasons you'll want to do this: It allows you to get inspired by what other companies are posting about. You can interact and start building relationships with other companies, which may come in handy with other marketing activities. By liking and engaging with their content, they might be more likely to return the favor - resulting in increased reach for both you and them. To like another business as your page, start by finding the business you want to follow. On their page, click the 3 dots under their banner image next to the share button. Then choose "Like as your page" Keep in mind that you must be an admin on your business page for this to work. 9. Stay on Top of Facebook Updates and Changes Facebook changes frequently! Make sure you're aware of the latest updates. Here are some quality news sources to consider following for the latest announcements: Facebook Business News Social Media Examiner Social Media Marketing Updates from Marketing Land 10. Plan Posts Ahead of Time With a Social Media Calendar There's no sense in waiting until the day you plan to post to start creating content. Instead, use a social media calendar to plan all your posts in advance. is a perfect solution for this:Tips For Building Your Facebook Marketing Strategy Your team needs to have a strategy before you even start thinking of what text to include in your posts. Having a strategy helps your team avoid last minute posting and guessing at what is going to connect with your audience. 11. Set Clear Facebook Marketing Goals You’re on Facebook for a reason. You believe that being active on the channel will help your reach the business goals that your organization has set for the year. 1) Focus on what metrics you need to track to see if your Facebook strategy is contributing to the overall business goal: The metrics that you track for Facebook need to contribute to your overarching business goal. For example, if your overarching business goal is to increase your audience by 50% in the next year, one of the metrics you would track for Facebook is how many followers are you gaining. 2) Use the previous year’s data to influence the goals you set for the upcoming year: If your company has had an active Facebook page for a while, use the data from the previous year to help set your goals for the upcoming year. Going back to the followers example, you could check and see that over the course of last year, your page gained 100,000 followers. Your goal for this year could be to gain 125,000 followers, a 25% increase over last year’s growth. 3) Make sure that your goals are realistic: It’s easy to set high goals for your team. In fact, you want your goals to challenge your team. However, your goals also need to be realistic. That means that trying to triple your follower rate might be a bit out of reach, but growing it by 25% would be more realistic. 12. Establish Your Voice and Tone on Facebook The voice and tone that your brand carries online should be a significant part of any Facebook marketing strategy. What you sound like should be a reflection of who you are as a brand. 1) Develop your voice: Your voice should answer the question, what does your company say online? Developing your voice doesn’t have to be complicated, all you need to do is follow the rule of three by asking: â€Å"If I were to pick three adjectives that described the voice of my brand on Facebook what would they be?† Once you have those three adjectives, make a "this but not that" list: We are funny but not crass. We are professional but not stuffy. We are peppy but not obnoxious. 2) Establish your tone: your tone is going to be in constant flux because your tone is not just what you say it’s how you say it. It is the exact opposite of your voice because it’s going to change with every post you create. For example, if your company is experiencing technical difficulties and your voice is usually upbeat and fun, you wouldn’t want to sound like that when you’re letting your customers know what’s going on. They would expect you to be serious and let them know what’s happening, what steps your team is taking and when they can expect to see the site back up and running. 13. Create a Facebook Group Facebook groups are great for bringing potential customers together in one place and allow you to connect with them and help move farther down your funnel. To create a Facebook group, you need to: Choose a topic centered around a keyword that relates to your audience: Finding a topic that is related to a keyword that your audience is searching for makes it easy to find you. Make sure that your group description is up to date: Explain to your audience what the purpose of the group is and rules of what can and cannot be posted there. Keep a steady stream of content related to the topic of your group: It may be up to your social team to keep a steady stream of content for group members to talk about. Make sure that any content you share is reliable and accurate to help encourage discussion. To create a Facebook group go to Groups on the left-hand side corner of your Facebook homepage and click + Create Group: Name your group, and decide what type of group you will have. Open (meaning anyone can join), Closed (meaning people need permission to join) or Secret (meaning only group members can find it): Tips for Creating Better Facebook Posts Your business page is set up, and now you need to start filling it with content. Facebook has a variety of different post types that you can use to make an impression on your audience. 14. Experiment With Facebook Video Posts Videos have surged in strength over the last few years with Facebook investing more and more into video with Facebook Watch launching earlier this year. Some tips that your team needs to remember when it comes to your Facebook videos are: Keep your videos to about a minute and 30 seconds. Your audience has an attention span of about 8 seconds (which is less than a goldfish) meaning that your videos need to be short and to the point. Make sure the first 60 seconds are the most engaging.  Ã‚  Similar to YouTube and its "pre-roll" ads, Facebook recently started introducing "mid-roll" ads. This means your viewing experience may be interrupted by an ad after the first 60 seconds. If you really want your viewers to stick around to see the rest of your video, make sure the first 60 seconds hook them. Bear in mind, only videos longer than 3 minutes will be interupped with a "mid-roll" ad. Keep your topics related to your company. Don't create or share videos that aren't relevant to your business. That latest viral video craze might be funny, but is it going to strengthen your brand? If the answer is no, then don't do it. 15. Share Videos Natively This is similar advice to the point above, but it's important to mention. When you're sharing video content on Facebook, make sure you share the video directly on Facebook, rather than linking to your YouTube page or similar. With Facebook doubling down on video content, the site will likely reward you with increased reach if you share your videos natively. Here's a sneak peek at some of our own results when we share video content directly via Facebook. 16. Try Using Facebook Live Facebook Live use is up 330% since its launch in April 2016. Some best practices to keep in mind: Find a quiet place. Broadcast somewhere quiet so people can hear you. Keep your camera steady. No one likes a shaky video. Check what’s behind your subject. Double check there’s nothing in your background that you don’t want people to see. Don’t overthink it. When it comes to Facebook live, the simpler you can keep your videos the better. There are two ways you can broadcast a Facebook Live Video. One way is through your mobile phone. To use Facebook Live, go to your Facebook Business page in the Facebook app: Click the post button and add your text: Click the video button and look for Live Video: Hit start and broadcast your video. Once it’s complete it will automatically save to your feed: The other way to broadcast a Facebook Live video is on your desktop or laptop computer. To use your desktop, go to your Facebook business page and look for start a live video: Fill in the message that you want to send: Click Go Live once you're ready to go and you'll be broadcasting live. Like it's mobile counterpart, after your live video has ended it will archive itself and any fans that missed it will be able to see it again in your feed. 17. Use the Poll Feature Facebook Polls are a fun way to create engaging content on the platform. After all, who doesn't like to get their opinion heard? Facebook itself uses this feature for its #PetYearbook contest where users can vote on various categories like "Most Likely to Succeed" and "Best Hair". To create your own Poll, click the three dots under where you would normally create a post. Then, choose the option that says "poll". 18. Try Different Types of Image Posts to Make a Greater Impact Facebook images need to be the right size to make the maximum impact on the newsfeed of your audience. Facebook images need to be 1200px by 630px. There a multiple ways that you can add photos to your Facebook page: 1) Facebook albums: These are the traditional photo albums that you can use to categorize product photos etc. Facebook albums are great when you have a lot of photos that you want to add your page. Albums help keep them sorted and organized which make it easier for people to look through. Most Facebook albums will look like this: COBBERS WIN! 🠏ˆ Have a great rest of Homecoming Weekend! #cordmn Posted by Concordia College on Saturday, September 30, 2017 2) Multi-image posts: These are standalone posts that allow you to upload multiple photos in a single post but it does not create an album. Multi-image posts are great when you have smaller amounts of photos to add that don’t necessarily need to be categorized. Multi-image posts will look like album posts but they do not have an album title attached to them: Today was Twin Day at the office. Which pair is your favorite? Posted by on Tuesday, October 24, 2017 3) Facebook Carousel posts: Carousel posts are just like their ad counterparts in the fact that you can add up to five photos that link to a web page and allow people to scroll through them. Carousel posts are a great way to make an impact with images that also link back to your web page or landing page. This is what they look like: Posted by FB Carousel Format Creative Examples on Monday, August 15, 2016 Here’s how to use Facebook’s different image post options: 19. Optimize Links to Make People Click Through Facebook is a great place to link out to articles, landing pages and any other web content that your team creates. Some important things to keep in mind when you’re using links in your Facebook posts: 1) Shorten your links with bit.ly: If you’re going to include the link in your post, don’t post a massive link  with long tails of letters. Shorten them up using bit.ly. 2) Don’t worry about choosing a photo: Facebook selects the best photo for your links when you’re adding them to your posts. Due to some changes, you also won't be allowed to modify  the preview image when sharing a link. 3) If you want a cleaner looking post, delete the original link and enter your text by itself: Once you enter your link into your Facebook status and Facebook generates a preview, delete the text to enter your own. It’s important to note however, that if you delete your link from your text, it will still stay in your post. Setting up your links is as easy as going to bit.ly and typing in your link: Copy the shortcode and post it into your status update: Once Facebook generates a preview, delete the link and add in your text: Recommended Reading: How to Increase Visibility With Social Media Optimization 20. Target Your Audience With Each Facebook Post Facebook allows pages to target their posts towards certain audience members, much like how you target your ads. However, you can only access that type of target if your Facebook page has more than 5,000 followers. Facebook broke down how to access this free feature here. If your page is over 5,000 followers look for a site button on your post: Choose your demographics and hit save: You should see your targeting selections in your post: Did you know that when you use , you can use our Facebook targeting features to help your posts connect with the right people? To use this feature, go to your calendar and select Social Message Facebook: In your message, there is a small target. Click that and you’ll see a full list of different demographics you can target: Save your audience and give it a name: Click the target again and apply your new audience: 21. Use the Social Message Optimizer to Create the Best Facebook Posts In May we released every social media marketers' best friend, the Social Message Optimizer. This handy tool makes it easy to analyze posts before they publish. To use the tool, type your potential message into the analyzer: Hit Score My Message and you’ll get your score for each social channel: As you continue to scroll down the list you’ll see an overview that tells you want your message is doing well and what you can add to improve your score: You can keep scrolling down the screen for more information on how to improve your score. Once you know what to improve re-write your message and score it again: 22. Don’t Cross-Post Between Facebook and Other Social Channels Facebook makes it easy to cross-post between other social channels. If you have that feature enabled, turn it off. Cross-posting may make it easy for you to fill a quota of social posts, however, cross posting: Doesn’t allow you to customize your posts for each network. Will cut off text if the network has a limited amount of characters (Twitter). Comes across as lazy to audiences who are following you on multiple networks. In summary: Don’t post your content from Facebook across multiple channels. It may save you time, but it won’t save your engagement rates. 23. Build A Facebook Event That Encourages People To Attend Facebook events are a great way to reach out to your audience and get them to connect with you. There is information that always needs to be a part of your event description including: Place Time Directions or links to a Google map Tickets link (if needed) Check out this video for a quick how-to on setting up events in Facebook: 24. Post At The Best Times Your company’s organic reach is most likely on the decline. Due to the sheer number of pages on Facebook, and Facebook’s algorithm, the reach potential of your posts doesn’t exactly fall in your favor. That’s why posting at the right time is so important to gain the maximum amount of exposure: 25. Use Best Time Scheduling in To Post Your Messages at the Best Time Automatically If you’re not using for your social media scheduling you’re missing out on the ability to send your posts at the best time for your Facebook page automatically. Using the feature is simple. Craft a social post by clicking + and selecting Social Message: Craft your message and scroll to the bottom of the post and select best time scheduling from the drop-down menu on the right-hand side of your post: Recommended Reading: How to Create a Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360% 26. Know How Often to Post on Facebook Posting at the right time is an important part of your Facebook marketing strategy, but so is the number of times you post. According to 20 different studies the best posting frequency for Facebook is ... Recommended Reading: What 23 Studies Say About the Best Times to Post on Social Media 27. Use Monitoring Tools There are quite a few options out there for Social Media monitoring, and each offers a slightly different benefit. Some, like Rival IQ, focus on benchmarking, which eliminates the need to bounce from channel to channel just to see competitor activities.  Tools such as this make it easy to see how your social media activities stack up against the competition. Others, like Brandwatch, allow you to stay on top of what people are saying about your company and visualize how your specific Social Media campaigns are performing. The downside? The learning curve can be a little steep as Brandwatch is built on boolean logic. Here are a few things to keep in mind when choosing the right monitoring tool for you: Write down your objectives:  Are you looking to see how your brand stacks up against the competition? OR are you looking to be in-the-know about what people are saying about your company? Making this distinction will help in choosing the right tool. Consider specific functions you need:  Some tools offer more powerful filters such as sentiment analysis, language breakdowns, and geographic location. Will you need these special features? Resources:  We're all on a budget... and some of these monitoring tools cost as much as a small car. Make sure you do your research beforehand so you don't fall in love with a tool only to realize there is no way you can squeeze it into your budget. Tips To Get More Facebook Page Likes Because of Facebook’s massive userbase, there's tons of opportunity to grow your audience on the platform. 28. Create Ads to Promote Your Page Facebook offers an ad set that allows you to promote your Facebook Business page and help people find and â€Å"Like† you. Ads like these are great if you want to: Grow your audience. Expand the reach of your posts. Attract new customers. Check out this video for how to get your promotion ads up and running: 29. Investigate Other Pages' Ads Did you know you can see all the Facebook ads other companies are running? You won't be able to see targeting or ad spent, but you can take a gander at their creative and see if they're A/B testing various copy, images etc. To see this info, navigate to another company's page. Then click "Info and Ads" on the bottom left-hand side. For example, we can see that HubSpot is running a few different ads and is potentially A/B testing copy and images against each other. (Leah, the example I found has more trendy topics. Might be worth mentioning?) There are a couple different reasons you might want insights into a company's Facebook ads. Analyze prospective clients: If you're an agency, this feature makes it easy to analyze a prospect's ad copy, creative, and website in order to make suggestions for improvement. Get competitive insights: Look at their Facebook pages and their clients’ Facebook pages. Are they doing anything wrong that you could do better? 30. Add Social Buttons To Your Website One way that you can attract a bigger audience to your Facebook page is adding social channel buttons to your website. You have a lot of traffic going to your website, exploring products and interacting with your company as a whole. If they like what they see you can encourage them to keep up with you on your social media channels. Some tips to keep in mind: 1) Make sure that your buttons are linking back to your social channels: Nothing is worse than when you click to follow a social link, and it takes you to the wrong social profile. Always double check your links. 2) Keep your channel icons in the same place on every page on your website: If you’re going to add social icons to any page on your website make sure they are in the same place for every page. 3) Update your icons if the social channel logo changes: Social channels will sometimes update their icon like Twitter going from a standard T to the Twitter bird. If your social channel icons are out of date, it can make you look out of touch with what’s happening with the network. 31. Drive Traffic to Your Facebook Page By Adding a Link in Your Email Signature Another way to help expand your audience is to add your Facebook page to your email signature. In Gmail, go to your settings: Type in your new email signature: Highlight â€Å"Facebook† and hit the link button. There you can add in the link to your Facebook page and type in the text that you want to be hyperlinked: Hit save. Then, check out your new email signature: Tips For Increasing Your Organic Reach On Facebook Organic reach has been on a steady decline over the past few years. Its increasingly becoming a "pay-to-play" environment. So what can you do that’s not going to cost your company a ton of money to increase the reach of your content? 32. Pin Your Content To The Top Of Your Business Page If you have a Facebook post that is: 1) Gaining a large amount of engagement from your fans. 2) Already has a decent amount of reach. It may be time to look at pinning that content to the top of your business page to help extend its life. This post will stay pinned to the top of your page for seven days. To pin a post, go to the selected content and click the small arrow on the top right-hand side of your post: Click Pin to Top of Page and the post will reappear at the top of your profile with a blue pin in the corner: Recommended Reading: 10 Fundamental Ways to Boost Your Facebook Organic Reach By 193% 33. Publish User Generated Content According to a Digital Intelligence Today article, 92% of people trust recommendations from friends and family above anything else. You can utilize that trust to grow your organic reach by sharing user-generated content. According to Salesforce, campaigns with UGC have 50% higher engagement rates. The more people engage with your content, the more it will show up in others newsfeeds. The more your content appears, the more reach you gain. Some tips to keep in mind when it comes to publishing user-generated content: Make sure that you give credit to the original publisher. Always ask if they want their content shared on your page. Let the author or reviewer know that their content will be published on your page. What does an example of a good UGC post look like? #TooshieTuesday 🠍‘ #Twins #dually #fordtrucks #F250 #F350 #liftedford #fordnation #alumiduty #liftedtrucks #trucknation... Posted by RealTruck.Com on Tuesday, October 10, 2017 34. Invite People To Like Your Page From Your Ads Here's a simple, but underused hack to increase followers. Running an ad is a great way to to get in front of a new audience, but did you know that you can also turn these individuals into more permenent fans of your page? All you have to do is invite them to like your page from your ad. First, bring up an ad that has several engagements and click to expand those engagements. Next, click to invite them to like your page. Naturally, not everyone will accept your invite, but those who have already liked your content will surely be more likely to convert into fans of your page. 35. Run a Facebook Contest To Increase Your Reach Okay, who doesn’t like free stuff? Running a contest on your Facebook page is a great way to increase your organic reach if it’s done correctly. Here some things to keep in mind when you’re creating your contest: 1) Make sure that people are sharing your posts. Engaging with content is great, but when people share your contest post. it ends up in the feed of all of their friends, easily tripling your reach. 2) Double check the images and text of your posts before you publish. The last thing you want is 100’s of people sharing your post with errors in your post. 3) Set a time limit. People will share your post like crazy which means that your team needs to set a time limit for how long people have to share your post. It will help create a sense of urgency and encourage your fans to take action now. 36. Partner with Influencers Influencers can help increase your organic reach by getting your name in front of their audience. According to Convince and Convert for every $1 you invest in an influencer you experience a $6.50 return on average. That’s nothing to laugh at. However, with influencers, you need to make sure that your intentions are clear. Remember to: 1) Make sure they include a PSA that their content is sponsored or an ad: The FCC is cracking down on posts from influencers who don’t identify that their content is being paid for by another organization. 2) Outline what their post needs to contain: your influencer content needs to be outlined before it’s posted including, accounts that need to be tagged, hashtags that need to be included and any images or media outlines that your influencer needs to create. 3) Connect with your influencers to gather analytical data: if your influencers are posting to their accounts make sure that your social team checks in to gather analytical data that your team can add to your report. Recommended Reading: How to Boost Engagement With Micro-Influencers the Right Way 37. Tag People and Companies in Your Facebook Posts A final way to increase your organic reach is to tag people and companies in your Facebook posts. Tagging helps draw people’s attention to your post and increases the chance they might share your content with their audience. Keep these tips in mind when you’re tagging: Only tag company’s or influencers if they're relevant to your content. You cannot tag personal Facebook accounts unless their settings are public. Don’t just tag people to get their attention, tag them because you’re either giving them credit for your content or you think it would be of use to them. Facebook Advertising Tips Facebook has a large variety of different advertising options that can get a bit confusing if you don’t know where to start. So we broke them all down for you. 38. Target Your Audience With Facebook Product Sales Ads One of Facebook’s newer ads features allows you to create Facebook ads for the products that your company offers. These ads are great if: You have a new product launching that you want to get in front of your audience. You have a large catalog of products and want to advertise them as much as possible. You want to categorize your products for the different members of your audience and target them for what they are looking for. Some other tips to keep in mind when you’re setting up these ads: Make sure your product photos are the optimum size at 600 x 600 px. Always keep your product feed up to date especially if something goes out of stock. Set automatic updates for your product feed. Check out this video for a brief tutorial on how to set up product ads:39. Boost Your Posts The Right Way Let’s say you write a killer Facebook post, and your audience is loving it. You’d want to maximize the life of that post, and you can through boosting it. But don’t hit the blue Boost Post button that appears. According to Hubspot, while that may seem like the easy way out, it’s better to boost posts through your ads manager. Keep these tips in mind when you’re setting up your boosted posts: Triple check spelling and graphics for errors Watch who you’re targeting, create custom audiences if you need to. Set a reasonable time that the post should be boosted. Check out Hubspot’s full breakdown: 40. Use "Dark" Posts Not to be confused with dark social (which refers to social traffic not tracked by your analytics tools), dark posts are targeted ads on Facebook. It's sort of like a cross between an ad and an organic post. Here's what you need to know about a dark post on Facebook: A dark post won't show up on your timeline, nor in the feeds of your followers. Instead, it shows up as sponsored content to the audience you're targeting. The dark post will still be visible under the "Info and Ads" section. You create a dark post in your ads manager account. Why would someone want to create a dark post on Facebook? For starters, it offers more in-depth targeting than what is available to organic posts, so you to create custom ads for each targeted audience segment. What's more, is that each audience will only see the ad that's designed for them. Dark posts keep your content feeds cleaner. Sometimes we marketers want to boost multiple posts, but don't what them to clog up our timelines. Dark posts allow us to create content that's targeted to specific demographics, while also giving our organic posts precious timeline real estate. They keep you from spamming your followers. Consider this...  as a follower, would you rather see 10 iterations of the same post or one dark post tailored for you? This video provides some insight into how to create your first dark post using Ads Manager: 41. Use Carousel Ads To Make a Visual Impact Carousel ads are another newer feature of the Facebook ad family and using them is great because it helps showcase a bunch of products or different features for a single product in one ad. Here are some things to keep in mind: Carousel ads always end with a link to a web page, so triple-check your landing pages. Use images that are optimized for the ad (i.e. 600 pixels and less than 20% text) Mix it up and add video. Facebook has a whole page dedicated to giving people ideas for carousel ads. If you’re trying to think of ways to get outside the box with your, check out the page for inspiration. Check out this video for some step by step help: 42. Cross-Promote Your Ads On Facebook and Instagram There are three main things that need to be in place for your ads to be able to be promoted on both channels: Your Instagram account needs to be connected to your business page on Facebook since the ads are run through Facebook ads manager. They must be viewable on mobile since Instagram ads are only accessible through mobile phones. You have to turn the Instagram ad feature on for each ad that you want to push to both channels. Facebook broke down how to use Instagram ads in this handy guide, or if you’re a more visual learner, check out this video: 43. Use Facebook Ads Manager To Keep Everything Organized The Facebook ads manager can help keep track of all of the ads you’re running on the platform. To access ads manager go to Insights Promotions Go To Ads Manager: In the ads manager, you’ll see different sections broken down by ad type. The first is just your standard account overview. This will include your total reach, ad spend and more for every ad you run: Campaigns break down your standalone ads and ad sets that are tied to a certain topic: Ad sets are multiple ads clustered around a certain topic, keyword, time and budget: Ads are your standalone ads that are focused on one keyword, one date range and one budget:

Discuss a Popular or Literary Representation of China Essay

Discuss a Popular or Literary Representation of China - Essay Example Even though some challenges such as climate change is still affecting the country as a result of continued utilization of coal as a source of fuel. The article indicates that china is currently considered a major economic force among the developing states. It has continued to boost trade with various African countries and it is seen to compete with other economic giants such as the United States of America. The security in the country is improved and it has increased the number of united nation peacekeepers. China is currently considered a leading donor targeting many countries in Africa. The Chinese government has pledged almost ten billion United States dollars to Africa over the past 3 years. China has struggled to develop good relations through cooperation with other countries. Despite the impact and the rise of china in the economic world, the country has continued to face some setbacks which target leadership, climate change and poverty. Hundreds of millions of people in china are still considered poor. The Chinese government has failed to develop a stable system of energy supply to be utilized by the people. The energy supply in the country has continued to rely more on import and therefore it has been a challenge to maintain diversified and stable energy sources. Environmental pollution has continued to impact negatively on the countries developments. Poor control of air pollution in major cities such as shanghai has resulted to decline in economic development and investment. The government has continued to launch a number of projects that are sources of envi ronmental pollution. Air pollution has health effect on the people and the government has to protect its own people from such effects (Fox, 2008). The Chinese state has continued to face collapse of ideology and moral lapses from the leadership that is in place. The state

Artificial Intelligent Neural Networks Assignment

Artificial Intelligent Neural Networks - Assignment Example Computer technology has graced the world for over half a century now. In its infancy, the concept of artificial intelligence was conceived in Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Jackson, 2014). As Chakrabarti (2008) says, ever since, much has been achieved but the development of a computer that can fully mimic the intelligence of a human is still not in sight. Although many scientists believe that this may be achieved by the year 2030, this is still a hard thing to achieve. However, the advances so far have been commendable (Committee on Autonomous Vehicles in Support of Naval Operations, 2005). Artificial intelligence comes in all types of manner, including the so called minimal artificial intelligence which is intelligence that is geared towards one task, as opposed to an all-round intelligence. In the recent past, technology firms such as Google have been trying to develop artificial intelligence that can be used to drive unmanned cars. Secondary data will be used to analyze the growth of artificial intelligence especially in the use of this technology in robotics. The use of artificial neural networks will also be considered. To get a better understanding of the subject, a literature review of past studies will be done in order to establish how this technology has grown in the past. Recent studies will be reviewed in order to determine the state of the art for this technology. This will be feasible because there are massive studies and literature from these studies available with regard to artificial intelligence. Once the estate of the art of artificial intelligence has been determined, this will then be critically analyzed to determine how it can be used in developing unmanned cars. According to Neapolitan and Jiang (2012), unmanned Aerial Vehicle Global Hawk in 2001 was one the first unmanned vehicles to be able to make a long journey nonstop. In 2004, Spirit and Opportunity were two robots that

Community Health Nursing Essay Example for Free

Community Health Nursing Essay Healthy People provide a 10-year national objective for improving the health of Americans. It has established benchmarks and monitored progress over time in order to encourage collaborations across the country, empowering individuals toward making knowledgeable health decisions, and measuring the impact of prevention activities. The vision is for a society in which all people live long and healthy lives. Objectives new to Healthy People 2020 are related to policies targeting young children through physical activity in childcare settings, television viewing and computer usage, recess and physical education in the Nation’s public and private elementary schools. Physical activity is important as it can improve health and quality of life for all, including those with disabilities. Increased physical activity in children and adolescents can improve bone health, cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, decrease levels of body fat and reduce symptoms of depression. There is an epidemic of obesity among our children today, this is linked to the over use of computer games and television. Healthy People 2020 have set an objective that sets limits to screen time. It was rather interesting to me that the pediatrician informed me that my infant, now a toddler should not be watching television at all as recommended by the Journal of Pediatrics. As mentioned in The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, there is a dangerous link found between childhood obesity and asthma (Rance, O’Laughlen, 2011). A common assumption is that weight gain occurs because many asthmatic patients avoid exercise since physical activity can trigger their symptoms, though many contributing factors coexist (Rance, et. al., 2011). Interesting enough there has been a suggestion that overweight/obesity as a risk factor for developing asthma (Papoutsaakis, Priftis, Drakouli , Prifti, Konstantaki, Chondronikola, Matziou, 2013). As  an adolescent I was diagnosed with having chronic asthma, as I was extremely active and not an overweight child. Physical activity was a normal part of my daily afterschool routine, I ran track, was a member of the swim team and was on the cheerleading squad. So having asthma one should not exclude physical activity from their life as it helps to prevent obesity and other ailments. A study illustrated that children were more adept at identifying healthy foods and explaining their benefits than identifying activities that make their bodies healthy (Lanigan, 2011). This study also discovered that the media was the primary source of children’s health knowledge. Parents need to become more involved and lead by example as it pertains to the health and welfare of their children. This is why I often volunteer for the various optimist clubs in the community, sharing information on the importance of staying active, hydrated and eating a well balanced diet. I keep my kids in extracurricular activities such as sports, promoting physical activity and a healthy lifestyle. Early-learning professionals and parents need to play a more prominent role in teaching children about the benefits of healthy eating and activity (Lanigan, 2011). There has been a correlation between paternal influences on children’s weight gain, as a review demonstrated fathers who were overweight viewed themselves and their offspring as normal weight (Fraser, Skouteris, McCabe, Ricciardelli, Milgrom, Baur, 2011). The children in this study were more likely to eat fast food, eat at fast pace, eat when bored and were less likely to eat dinner together as a family (Fraser, et al., 2011). As it was hard to discern whether these behaviors are a result of children modeling behaviors displayed by their fathers’, although the heavier the fathers were the greater the number of hours their children spent in sedentary activities such as watching television and usin g the computer (Fraser, et al., 2011). One strategy not mentioned in Healthy People 2020 is mandating parent involvement and modeling, which I consider first line of defense for prevention of childhood obesity and related disease. The Affordable Care Act (ACA), builds on and strengthens the foundation for prevention and wellness established by Healthy People, the nation’s health promotion and disease prevention aspirations for a healthier nation (Fielding, Teutsch, Koh, 2012). The Guide to Community Preventive Services recommends making physical activity the easy choice by creating in our communities accessible parks and  recreation; encouraging the social norm of walking, bicycling, and climbing stairs where these activities can reasonably substitute for driving and riding elevators or escalators; and placing greater emphasis on mass transit and mixed residential and commercial development to encourage greater spatial integration of places where people live, work and shop (Fielding, et al., 2012). In conclusion, community based childhood obesity prevention programs with a school component focusing on both diet and physical activity is more effective at preventing obesity and overweight (Bleich, Segal, Wu, Wilson, Wang, 2013). As previously mentioned one strategy not mentioned in Healthy People 2020 is mandating parent involvement and modeling, which I consider first line of defense for prevention of childhood obesity and related disease. References Bleich, S. N., Segal, J., Wu, Y., Wilson, R., Wang, Y. (2013). Systematic review of community-based childhood obesity prevention studies. Pediatrics, 132(1), e201-e210. doi:10.1542/peds.2013-0886 Fielding, J. E., Teutsch, S., Koh, H. (2012). Health reform and healthy people initiative. American Journal of Public Health, 102(1), 30-33. doi:102105/AJPH.2011.300312 Fraser, J., Skouteris, H., McCabe, M., Ricciardelli, L. A., Milgrom, J., Baur, L. A. (2011). Paternal influences on children’s weight gain: a system review. Fathering, 9(3), 252-267. doi:10.3149/fth.0903.252 Lanigan, J. D. (2011). The substance and sources of young children’s healthy eating and physical activity knowledge: implications for obesity prevention efforts. Child: Care, Health Development, 37(3), 368-376. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01191.x Papoutsaakis, C., Priftis, K. N., Drakouli, M., Prifti, S., Konstantaki, E., Chondronikola, M., Matziou, V. (2013). Childhood overweight/obesity and asthma: is there a link? a system review of recent epidemiologic evidence. Journal of The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 113(1), 77-105. doi10.1016/j.jand.2012.08.025 Rance, K., O’Laughlen, M. (2011). Obesity and asthma: a dangerous link in children: an integrative review of the literature. Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 7(4), 287-292. doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2010.06.011

Essay --

Strategic Marketing – Adidas was born in Germany in 1949, and since then the brand has been synonymous with the sport world. Second only to the Nike, Adidas is a multinational company and it is spread worldwide across the whole planet. The company’s products range is very vast, from the running shoes to the watches, from football shirts and shin pads to bags and hats. The company is currently employing 46,000 people worldwide, operating on more than 46 countries. The Adidas brand is built all around passion for sports excellence and innovative design to help athletes improve their performance. As a market-oriented organisation, Adidas continuously updates and fulfils consumers’ needs in order to meet them with products and services. It is basically this focus on the audience, teamed with product and marketing innovation that plays a key role in the company’s success. Trying to keep up with endlessly changing market, I was thinking to try and launch a new product under this well-known brand name. As Adidas focuses on athletic performances, and other than clothes the firm developed only sport accessories for its customers, I was thinking that it could be a great opportunity for them to specialise in a personal Energy Drink. As the firm always had to chase the leading firm Nike, something should be done in order to gain an advantage over it. The Adidas organic Energy drink (AdiRush) may be a perfect example of something that the German organisation would have more than the American. Energy drinks normally contain large amounts of caffeine and legal ingredients such as Ginseng. Firstly developed in Asia and Europe, then introduced by Red Bull in America. Our idea was to develop an Energy drink made entirely with organic m... ... are very happy with the product we are selling. It has the nice freshness attribute that differentiates us from the rest, but still the performance is well helped by the consumption of the drink. People are also starting to drink our AdiRush also after lunch in order to keep focused and concentrated on what they have to do in the late afternoon. Some customers, mainly women, feel that a 16 Oz mini bottle is sometimes too much to finish , therefore we can start thinking of the next option of having also smaller bottles in order to meet female needs and have a choice of what volume bottle to buy. Still there are problems trying to change customer perception towards energy drinks, mainly because new results of side effects of drinking too much Red Bull are being published, therefore a sceptical feeling is affecting the market.

Child of the Americas Essay

I interpreted that this line meant that the speaker had been exposed to european culture and adapted some of the european customs into their own personal culture. Through out the poem the speaker describe her heritage and the cultures she identifies as, and I believe that â€Å"Europe lives in me, but I have no home there† simply means she is creating memories and experiences that takes place in europe but she has never truly lived there or been there long enough to call it home. How does the speaker describe herself? Throughout â€Å"Child of the Americas† the speaker describes herself as many different nationalities. She uses the metaphors â€Å"I am not African, Africa is in me†¦Spanish is in my flesh†¦I am not European, Europe lives in me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  to show us that because she identifies herself as american she can also be seen as all these different nationalities because America is a country in which many different cultures have settled down and started to fuse together into original lifestyles. What is the tone of the poem? Is the speaker defiant, hopeful, angry, confused, ambivalent, proud? Cite specific words and phrases to support your response I believe that the tone of â€Å"Child of the Americas† is both ambivalent, and proud. The speaker develops these tones through her details. We can determine that her tone is ambivalent because of the way she describes herself. She describes herself as a jumble of different cultures and nationalities. â€Å"I am a U.S. Puerto Rican Jew†¦I am Caribena, Island grown† â€Å"Africa is in me†¦.Tiano is in me†¦Europe lives in me† From this we can tell that she is not specifically identifying herself as a single culture which shows us that she has mixed feelings about her heritage. We can determine that her other tone is proud, from the details in her last stanza. She describes herself as new â€Å"History made me.† She also says that â€Å"I was  born at the crossroads and I am whole.† From these lines we can determine that she was not ashamed of her uniquity. We can tell that she is proud of her â€Å"mixed-up heritage.†

Buyer Behavior & Integrated Marketing

The problems on which this assignment focuses on is how can an organization understand and influence the demands and needs of a consumer by using consumer decision making model and the a decision sequence model which helps an organization define a set sequence in order to plan for its marketing and promotional strategy. The company that has been researched upon in the research paper is Automobili Lamborghini S. p. A that has recently launched its new SUV in the market which also happens to be the first SUV car from the company.The car is known is Lamborghini SUV and there are a lot of things that need to be taken care of when introducing and marketing the car in automobile arena. A consumer decision model will help the company in order to see how a particular group of consumers decides for a particular commodity. What are their preferences, their expectations, how can they be attracted, what is their taste, how well do they memorize a certain product, their loyalties to a particular brand, their interpretation from a product or marketing strategy and the knowledge that they possess.A consumer consciously or unconsciously using all these factors when going to buy a product thus in the case of Lamborghini SUV the consumer will again question himself on the above mentioned grounds (MacKenzie 1986). As given in the research done on the company, the main problems that the company tends to identify from the consumer behavior are; 1. What is the product 2. What is the target market 3. What are the substitutes 4. How does the price and value for money are correlated 5. Is the product a luxury item 6. What sort of a decision sequence model can be usedHere is a brief answer to all of the questions mentioned above. As we all know that the product is a luxury SUV that is being marketed for the first time by the company, the company has to target to a specific group with specific characteristics. These people are supposed to be well to do by having good executive level jobs or running businesses and having a family of 2 to 3 persons. This suggests that the targeted customer should be more then 35 years of age but not more than 45 because that goes beyond the sporty and speedy characteristics of the car.The sport and speedy characteristics of the car open two marketing and targeting corridors for the company, that are, 1. executives and managing directors, (as discussed above) and 2. The existing sports cars clients who will then be filtered for having or not having a taste for a sports SUV. The problem is that the product that is in question in the research is quite expensive and thus it is not at all like marketing coke. Customers need to be educated and informed about the value and worth of the product that should be other than the actual cost price of the car (Bettman 1975).With reference to Blackwell, Miniard and Engel analytical framework, analyze the likely buying behavior of your target market, in terms of degree of problem solving, and identif y the probable influences on this decision process. You should also identify any issues related to the information processing aspect, as this will inform task 3 With reference to Blackwell, Miniard and Engel, the decision of any consumer is based upon and involves two or more products that are substitutes to each other.For example a consumer might choose between going out for a movie or staying at home, for this matter going to movie and staying at home will serve to be as substitutes to each other. Similarly, in this of Lamborghini, the consumers have a range of choices. These choices include other sporty SUV’s that already in the market by competitor brands like BMW, Mercedes, Chrysler and others. Thus Lamborghini should look into the matter that what do consumers want in an SUV, how and what characteristics they should highlight to attract their customers.Blackwell, Miniard and Engel advocate the fact that there are a number of cognitive processes going on in a consumer mi nd while he makes purchase decisions. These cognitive decisions can be identified as consumer knowledge about the market and the product, beliefs and memories about information that a consumer gathers from marketing and promotional activities going on around them, their cognitive process of comprehension and lastly their integration cognitive process in which a consumer evaluates two or more choices and short lists to one final choice.This choice is made on the basis of certain behavioral decisions, thus the decision making process of a consumer can also be regarded as their decision plan. A Cognitive Process Model of Consumer Decision Making Lamborghini should keep in mind that its consumers will gather most of the information from their surroundings. Apart from their own marketing campaign, the consumers consciously and unconsciously are gaining information about the sporty cars, their models, information about other brands, performance of other SUV’s that come I the same c ategory of sporty cars and much more.Consumers are exposed to TV shows, magazines, discussions and even get to see these products live at show rooms that they already a lot about the car. However, a marketer should always keep in mind that in order to attract a customer and give him what he wants, the product should be marketed in such a way that the consumer directly notices what he wants in the product without him being analyzing and comparing with other brands(Roberts 2000).The marketing campaign should highlight the characteristics of the product itself in the marketing campaign rather than letting the customer gather the information on his own that can also lead to possibilities that the customer may not be able to find those characteristics on his own. Same goes for Lamborghini, the company must market the new SUV in such a way that it highlights both its sporty nature and its symbol of power of status in order to cater both the target markets that have already been identified in the previous section.

The Effects of Teasing and Name Calling on Children

The Effects of Teasing and Name Calling on Children Introduction The subject of teasing and name-calling of children has in the recent years received a lot of attention with researchers focusing on the impacts of these actions on the child. This attention has risen from the recognition of the negative outcomes that are associated with childhood teasing and name-calling.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on The Effects of Teasing and Name Calling on Children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These forms of abuse are especially damaging since the child is emotionally vulnerable and therefore prone to traumatisation for life. Storch et al (2004) explain that experiences during childhood years play a major role in the development of a person and they contribute to the future psychosocial well being of the individual. While peer teasing and name-calling is damaging to the child, its impact is increased significantly when the parent or caregiver of the child perpetrates it. This is because these adult figures have responsibility for the child and they are supposed to offer protection and support. This paper will seek to highlight the long-term damages caused to children when they are subjected to name-calling, teasing, belittling, and other forms of verbal aggression by their parents or caregivers. Teasing and Name Calling Teasing is a typical experience throughout the development years of a person and it can play an important role during development. It is a common practice in many households and everyone takes part in it as some point in life. Teasing is a normative behaviour in all relationships and its multifaceted nature makes it very hard to analyze. Keltner et al (1998) underscore this multiplicity of teasing through their observation that teasing is paradoxical criticizes yet compliments, attacks yet makes people closer, humiliates yet expresses affection (p.1231). This observation is corroborated by Langevin (2000) who reveals that teasing is ubiq uitous; having both positive and negative outcomes. It can have positive outcomes when it is done in sport or mischief and in a playful and fun manner. However, incessant teasing aimed at humiliating a person can have negative effects on their growth and development. Teasing and name-calling by Parents and caregivers is especially detrimental since they have an intimate knowledge of the target of the verbal assault. Storch, et al (2004) observe that being teased about personality has broader consequences later in life than being teased about things like how you look or performance in school. Parents and caregivers are more likely to tease children on their personality in a bid to help socialize them. These teases have lasting effects on the child who is still in his formative years.Advertising Looking for thesis on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Why Parents and Caregivers Tease As has been noted, teasing is regarded as normal behaviour in the society. Most parents and caregivers assume that teasing is healthy for the child. This is because teasing functions as a way of indirectly teaching social norms and values to the child. For example, by teasing a child about sucking on their thumb, an understanding by the child that this behaviour is not acceptable can be promoted. Kowalski (2003) observes that teasing assists in the promotion of social conformity by highlighting behaviour that is perceived as inappropriate within a group. Even so, pervasive teasing and verbal aggression against children has multiple negative implications on their future well-being. Impacts of Childhood Verbal Aggression While most parents and caregivers who engage in teasing and name-calling do not have any malicious intent, their actions have far-reaching consequences on the life of the child. Research indicates that in addition to the immediate impacts of verbal aggression on the child, there are long-term effects that continue to be felt long after the actual teasing and name-calling has stopped. This long term impacts of childhood teasing and name-calling are addressed below. Normalizing Verbal abuse Children are highly impressionable and they ape the behaviour of the adults around them. Because of this, name-calling and teasing has an effect of normalizing bad behaviour by a child in their relationships with family members and other people in the society. Teasing by parents and caregivers sends the message that this is acceptable behaviour. The behaviour can therefore be expected to continue between siblings and even outside the home environment. Victims of childhood verbal abuse are also more likely to continue the same behaviour with their children. Gallagher (1999) observes that parents are likely to use the same parenting techniques used on them by their parents on their children. Their capability as parents will therefore be diminished because of their childhood experience. Th e normalizing effect of childhood verbal aggression also decreases the chances of the individual forming meaningful relationships as an adult. Weinhold and Barry (2008) explain that because of the repressive system that the child grew up in, they become judgmental people who disapprove of others. The victim of parental teasing and name-calling is likely to develop the same biases that their parents have. This will alienate the childhood teasing victim from other people who will regard them as mean and hurtful. Depression While everybody experiences stress in the cause of their lives, victims of childhood verbal aggression are more predisposed to suffer from higher rates of stress and possible depression. McCabe et al (2003) highlights that there is a relationship between memories of childhood teasing and later psychopathology with teasing experiences being related to increased levels of depression in adulthood. The relationship arises since being teased by an adult causes a child to develop a feeling of helplessness.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on The Effects of Teasing and Name Calling on Children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Childhood teasing makes the child feel vulnerable since they are placed in a difficult situation. By putting the child on the spot, the parent or caregiver makes them experience discomfort. The child is in many instances unable to respond or react favourably to the tease that increases the feeling of vulnerability. This feeling is perpetuated into adulthood where the individual will develop a belief that they have little control over what goes on in their life. McCabe et al (2003) observe that this is the thinking pattern that predisposes a person to depression since they feel helpless regarding the situations they are going through. Depression might also be triggered by social exclusion that the child faces. McCabe et al (2003) notes that children who are teased r eceive lower peer ratings of social acceptance and higher peer ratings of social rejection (p.191). Lack of social support increases the likelihood of stress developing into depression. Low self-esteem Verbal and emotional abuse is harmful for the psychological development of the child. A child who grows up with verbal abuse is constantly rejected by his parents who express disapproval of the childs behaviour. This has an impact on the child’s self-esteem which is a central factor affecting their psychological functioning. Salmivalli (1999) defines a healthy self-esteem as one that is manifested in overall acceptance of oneself as a person and in feeling of worthiness and self-confidence (p. 1270). Teasing includes some attributes of the individual and these attributes contribute to the overall feeling that the child has concerning their entire self. Weinhold and Barry (2008) observe that rejection and disapproval leads children to develop a negative self-image, low self-este em, and self-hatred. Verbal abuse conveys the message that the child is worthless, flawed, unloved, and unwanted. As a result, the victimized children generally disapprove of themselves just as their parents and caregivers disapproved of them. Teasing results in lower perception of self-worth by the individual. In most cases, severe teasing is aimed at deriding a person and humiliating them. Most victims of childhood teasing and name-calling attribute these behaviour to their own personal traits or behaviour. Instead of seeing the adult as being responsible for the abuse, the child blames himself or herself for this happening to them.Advertising Looking for thesis on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This results in poor mental functioning since a feeling of inadequacy is developed from an early age. The child will therefore grow up feeling unworthy because of these verbal abuses. Name-calling results in a cognitive change in the victim. The victim begins to believe that the abuses they receive are a true reflection of who they are. For example, if the victim is being called a big baby or idiot, he starts thinking that this must be true, for otherwise the adult would not have said it. Gallagher (1999) states that this results in a gradual but pervasive erosion of self-esteem in the individual as the verbal abuse continues. Anxiety Childhood teasing predisposes a person to anxiety problems in adulthood. Victims of teasing and name-calling experience more anxiety and insecurity compared to their peers who are not subjected to this forms of abuse. Patients at an anxiety disorder clinic were asked to fill a self-report questionnaire on their teasing history and 85% of them responded that they had experienced severe teasing as children (Roth et al. 2002). Perceptions of severe teasing in childhood particularly increase the risk of anxiety in social situations. This is especially the case if the individual experienced pervasive teasing that was meant to demean and degrade him/her in social contexts. Parents sometimes tease their children when they behave in a way that is humiliating or embarrassing. This results in social phobia by the person where they live in fear of being negatively evaluated by the community. Some form of teasing is aimed at an individual’s social behaviour and it results in the person being teased when they act in a certain way. This negative evaluation leads to development of social anxiety. Roth et al (2002) theorize that children who are subjected to verbal abuse learn to view the world as a dangerous place from an early age. They therefore feel the need to always be on alert and this creates an anxiety problem. This anxiety arise s since the social situation is viewed as a dangerous situation that might cause failure and subsequent embarrassment for the childhood teasing victim. Teasing causes the child to develop a negative image of their social self. This negative observer-perspective image is informed by the parent or caregiver’s reaction to the childs behaviour. The child will have doubts concerning their social competencies and will develop a false image of their social self. Hackmann et al. (2000) warns that this flawed social-self image will be activated in future anxiety-provoking situations that will lead to a spike in the anxiety level of the individual. McCabe et al (2003) explains this phenomenon by noting that severe teasing causes the person to associate certain social situations with a particular negative memory. This increases the anxiety of the person in the particular situation. The person will therefore find it hard to deal normally in such situations due to the memories of teasing. Attachment difficulties The ability of the individual to form and sustain meaningful relationships is also hampered by childhood verbal abuse. The ability of an individual to form a secure identity directly influences their ability to form healthy relationships in future. Teasing results in feelings of insecurity and low self-esteem by the child. Research by Storch et al (2004) documents those individuals who were subjected to frequent childhood teasing experienced higher levels of loneliness later in life. One of the reasons for this is that intense teasing causes a person to live in fear of negative evaluation. All healthy relationships require a person to open up to others and expose their strengths and fears. Teasing causes the victim to be less friendly and exhibit poor social skills. Kowalski (2003) observes that victims of frequent teasing are guarded and apprehensive about new relationships. This hesitation when entering social relationships is the result of the suspicion w ith which the victim of teasing has about other peoples intentions. Even when the victim of childhood teasing enters into a relationship, it is doomed to be strained since they remain guarded and are unable to express themselves properly. The individual is likely to avoid social interactions where they might form new relationships. Kowalski (2003) explains this by revealing that most episodes of teasing and name-calling take place in a social context. Childhood teasing increases the discomfort faced by the individual during social interactions and they might seek to reduce the teasing by becoming loners. The victim of intense childhood taunting is also likely to engage in an abuse adult relationship. They may actively seek for condemnation and punishment from other people since they feel that they deserve it. Since verbal abuse was a constant part of their childhood, they will also assume that it is expected in a normal relationship. Keltner et al (1998) warns that victims of childh ood abuse will be more willing to put up with abusive relationships than those who had normal childhoods. Development The childhood phase is very important in the psychological development of the individual. It is during this period that the child is developing beliefs about himself/herself and the world. Personal identity is developed in the context of social relations and the influential theorist, Harry Stack Sullivan, underscores the significance of interpersonal relationships in the formation of the self-identity. Teasing and name calling results in serious psychological consequences for the child facing the verbal abuse. This is because the childs sense of self, which is developing, is informed by his/her relationship with peers as well as parents and caregivers. Gallagher (1999) states that a positive relationship with adults and peers has a positive impact on the cognitive, social, and language growth of the child. Teasing and name-calling have a high likelihood of impeding t he psychosocial-emotional development of the child. Verbal aggression has a negative impact on the psychosocial growth of the child. This negative effect can be elaborated by looking at stage 4 of Ericksons psychosocial development. In this stage, children face the conflict of industry versus inferiority. They focus on mastering important cognitive and social skills and are intent on evaluating their competencies as they engage in social comparison (Sigelman Rider 2008). In this stage, it is important for the children to be encouraged by adults to acquire a sense of industry. The acquisition of a sense of industry rather than one of inferiority will occur if their comparisons are favourable. Verbal abuse encourages inferiority since it makes the child to feel inadequate and inferior. The abuse also highlights what the child cannot do instead of what they can do therefore decreasing their sense of competence. Instead of focusing on the abilities of the child, teasing and name-callin g brings to focus deficiency that a child has. Tony Humphreys is another child development scholar who articulates the importance of positive response to a childs development. He contends that children regard the manner in which their parents treat them as a mirror of what they are (Humphreys 2005). If the parent reacts to them with teases and verbal abuse, the childs self-esteem will be damaged and they will develop inner conflict. For the child to develop in the best possible way, it is necessary for the child to express love and affection to their young children. If this is done, the child will respond positively and feel secure therefore developing self-confidence. Eating Disorders Teasing might also result in eating disorders and body image issues by the victim in later years. This happens when the teasing suffered was primarily focused on the physical appearance of the victim. Research indicates that teasing about body size or shape will cause the child to develop a negative i mage concerning their physical attributes. This negative self-image will be imbedded in the childs mind as the teasing continues. Kowalski (2003) advances that the victim will attempt to alter their appearances in order to wade off teasing. This altering might engage unhealthy eating which causes eating disorders. A study by Eisenberg, and Neumark (2003) demonstrated that weight-based teasing by family members is a risk factor for negative body image as well as disordered eating. This is true since individuals who are teased about their body suffer from lower body satisfaction compared with those not teased. Teasing about body weight leads to an unhealthy expectation of body shape and weight by the victim even through adulthood. Eisenberg and Neumark (2003) highlight that many individuals who are teased about their weight engage in unhealthy weight control practices. These unhealthy practices are complemented by poor eating habits in an effort to obtain the ideal body shape and weig ht. Alcohol and Substance Abuse Teasing and name-calling are hurtful experiences and children will look for ways to cope with these abuses. The coping mechanisms employed by a child during the teasing and name-calling episodes may lead to the development of additional symptoms or avoidance strategies in adulthood. Studies indicate that there is a relationship between childhood verbal abuse and chemical dependency. Teasing and name-calling result in emotional abuse to the child. This is because these forms of verbal abuse are characterized by criticism, ridicule, belittling, and faultfinding. The child is made to feel that he/she is not lovable or worthy. From these, a child will end up feeling less than perfect and they might react by looking for escapes. Victims of childhood verbal abuse from parents or caregivers may seek comfort or escape through alcohol. This risk of chemical dependency is heightened by the fact that parents who engage in verbal abuse are have limited engagement with their children and offer little emotional encouragement. Teasing and name-calling is often accompanied by low parental support and a sense of disconnection between the parent or guardian and the child. This lack of concern may cause the child to take up bad habits. McVittie and Best (2009) note that young adults who experienced low parental support were likely to drink and smoke. Life satisfaction Teasing increases the risk of dissatisfaction with life by the victim in future. Life satisfaction is influenced by a number of factors including; self-perception and the quality of relationships that an individual has. As it has been noted in this paper, childhood teasing predisposes a person to having attachment difficulties. He/she finds it hard to form and/or maintain meaningful social relationships with others. In addition to this, teasing will lead to the formation of a negative self-perception and development of low self-esteem. All these issues will negatively influence the l ife satisfaction of the person. Roth (2002) asserts that a history of teasing and name-calling by parents and caregivers will increase the chances of a person having low life satisfaction in adulthood. In addition to this, teasing a child increases the likelihood of him/her being a victimized in future. Storch, et al. (2004) explains that visible outward reactions such as distress, sadness, and shyness mark out an individual as a target for teasing. Chronic teasing in the childhood years will therefore lead to the development of an anxious and shy personality that will predispose the individual to further teasing during adulthood. Criminal Activity Some forms of verbal aggression can result in future deviant behaviour by the victim. This is especially the case when the child is ostracized for misbehaviour by being labelled a rogue. Plummer (2000) confirms that by labelling the child a crook because misbehaviour, the child may start viewing himself as actually being one. He is at ris k of developing a deviant self-identity since the parent or caregiver has labelled him as such. Plummer (2000) suggests that labelling compelled an individual to become the very thing he/she is perceived to be. This faulty self-identity is reinforced since when the child engages in bad conduct, the name-calling occurs. The victims of child teasing are likely to rebel and since they view themselves as â€Å"bad†, they end up playing out this role. Codependency Teasing conveys the message that someone is only of value if they meet someone else’s needs. This predisposes the child to develop co-dependency in future. Bradshaw (2005) states that childhood verbal aggression can lead to codependency where the child will place their needs below those of others. Since the child grows up believing that they are only valuable if they please other people, they develop a lack of self-belief and seek approval from others. In addition to this, teasing and name-calling make the child f eel that they are inferior to others and not worthy of attention. Due to the victimization in childhood, the individual has great risk of becoming dependent on outside sources to validate themselves. Codependency prevents a person from creating a healthy self-identity. The authentic self is ruptured and this leads to a development of a false self. How can we break this cycle? This study on the impact of verbal aggression on children had demonstrated that this behaviour has many negative repercussions on the child. It is therefore necessary for action to be taken to mitigate the occurrence of this counterproductive behaviour. Introduction of laws to protect children from verbal aggression and educating parents on the best way to bring up their children are two possible ways of mitigating this problem. Child Protection Laws Ireland prides itself with having a robust framework of laws that seek to provide services to children and to produce child protection policies for the specific ne eds that children may have. These laws are aimed at assisting children to develop into adults under a safe environment and therefore become productive members of the society. Since childhood teasing and name-calling has been recognized as a detrimental practice in the life of the individual, efforts should be made to comprehensively address the issue at the local and state level through policy development. In recognition of the danger that childhood verbal aggression has on the individual, the Irish government should come up with laws that protect children from this form of abuse. Child welfare workers should be taught on how to prevent and respond to verbal aggression against children and if necessary being the case to the attention of the statutory authorities. Child protection legislation in Ireland should be implemented to determine appropriate responses to verbal aggression. At the least, such legislation would serve as deterrence to parents and care givers who would be liable to civil or criminal charges if they are found guilty of engaging in the practice. Even so, care should be taken to ensure that parents are not prevented from exercising control over their children by the imposition of stringent laws. Informing Parents The nature and quality of the parent-child relationship can either reduce or exacerbate the chances that a child will abuse alcohol, suffer from depression, become depressed, or become delinquent (McVittie Best 2009). It is important that parents adopt the kind of parenting that promotes development and protects the children from future adverse impacts. The most effective parenting styles are already known and the difficulty remains in helping parents to adopt them. McVittie and Best (2009) best articulates this dilemma by stating that the challenges ahead involve findings ways to educate adults with regard to how they can adopt the best parenting style for their children. Research indicates that childhood experiences have a huge imp act on the emotional development of the child with teasing having a negative impact on their psychological functioning (Storch et al.2004; McCabe et al 2003; Hackmann et al. 2000). Besag (1999) states that name calling is one of the most distressing behaviour that children have to deal with and its damaging effects are often underestimated by the adults. This wrong estimate of the effects of teasing and name-calling makes the parents and caregivers engage in this damaging habit without knowing that they are causing lasting emotional damage on the child. Parenting lessons will help the adult to recognize the potential harm that may result from teasing. Many individuals find the idea of parental education as absurd. This is because of the underlying assumption by majority of the people that good parenting skills are inherent in all parents. It is therefore assumed that all parents will intuitively know the best way to raise their babies. This is not the case and research indicates tha t good parenting skills do not come naturally in everyone. An important consideration in parenting classes is that they recognize that each parent has autonomy over their children. The classes do not impose any values that are contrary to the parent’s own. Instead, a parent is introduced to effective styles of raising their children. Parental classes will highlight the damage that verbal abuse has on the emotional and psychological wellbeing of the child. The prevalence of childhood teasing by parents and caregivers is attributed to the ignorance of the effect of this behaviour by the parents. Research indicates that many adults underestimate the stress and anguish that children have to deal with because of teasing (Besag 1999). By being made aware of the far-reaching consequences that teasing and name-calling has on the future of their children, it is highly unlikely that the parent will engage in this damaging behaviour. Another positive outcome is that the parent and careg iver will be keen to ensure that teasing is not allowed even among the children. The effectiveness of parental classes is high especially if the adult is willing to complete the program. Research shows that parenting classes can have a positive impact on the way in which parents and caregivers interact with children. McVittie Best (2009) report that parents who completed parenting classes on how to become more authoritative reported changes in their behaviour towards this end. Good parenting will result in children who are more academically competent and psychosocially healthy. These children will group up to be productive members of the community who enjoy satisfaction in their lives. While it would be ideal if all parents were involved in good parenting classes, implementing this would be impossible. Any attempts to force parents into such classes would be futile. If these were to happen, parents would either boycott such efforts or attend the classes out of obligation. This woul d diminish any value that the parents would gain from the classes. Discussion The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented growth in awareness in the subject of childhood teasing and its impacts on the future wellbeing of the individual. So far, researchers have not addressed the issue of teasing, name-calling and other forms of verbal aggression in the context of child protection or abuse since these behaviours are seen as typical in the development years of an individual. However, this paper has explicitly highlighted the negative impact that these practices have on the person. While reactions to childhood teasing and name-calling vary from child to child, research indicates that these experiences are damaging to the future wellbeing of the individual. Studies overwhelmingly supports the idea that teasing causes adverse mental health affects years after the actual teasing has stopped. There are treatments and supportive services available to help victims of childhood verbal abus e cope with and overcome their conditions. While such services can help overcome the negative self-image developed due to abuse, it would be better to prevent the abuse from taking place in the first place. Proactive measures will avoid the need to address dysfunctional cognitions developed because of teasing and name-calling in ones childhood years. The paper has also highlighted the common misconception that all parents are naturally equipped with the skills and knowledge to properly raise their children. While some parenting skills are inherent in the individual parent, others are learnt. From the discussions presented in this paper, it is evident that not all parents make use of the best model techniques when bringing up their children. Such parents can therefore benefit greatly from engaging in parenting classes. Conclusion Teasing has both immediate and long-term consequences on the child and this study has focused on the long-term damages caused to children when they are teas ed or called names by their parents or caregivers. The paper also endeavoured to propose ways through which this detrimental practice can be mitigated or eliminated from our society. It began by noting that teasing and name-calling are common practice in many households. The paper then demonstrated how teasing and name-calling can result in long lasting emotional repercussions on the child. A link has been established between childhood experiences of name-calling and codependent behaviours, low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety in adulthood. Considering the link between childhood teasing and psychosocial disorders in adulthood, this paper has proposed the enactment of laws that protect children from these forms of abuse from their parents and caregivers. The paper has also proposed voluntary educational experience by the parents to help them acquire the best parenting skills. By undertaking these proactive measures, verbal aggression against children can be overcome and the futur e well-being of children guaranteed. References Besag, V 1999, Bullying: A practical guide to coping for schools, Longman Group UK Ltd, Essex. Bradshaw, J 2005, Healing the Shame That Binds You, HCI, Boston. 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